701 lines
17 KiB
C
Executable File
701 lines
17 KiB
C
Executable File
/*
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* Architecture specific (i386/x86_64) functions for kexec based crash dumps.
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*
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* Created by: Hariprasad Nellitheertha (hari@in.ibm.com)
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*
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* Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2004. All rights reserved.
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* Copyright (C) Red Hat Inc., 2014. All rights reserved.
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* Authors:
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* Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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*
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*/
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#define pr_fmt(fmt) "kexec: " fmt
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#include <linux/types.h>
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#include <linux/kernel.h>
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#include <linux/smp.h>
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#include <linux/reboot.h>
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#include <linux/kexec.h>
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#include <linux/delay.h>
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#include <linux/elf.h>
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#include <linux/elfcore.h>
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#include <linux/module.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <asm/processor.h>
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#include <asm/hardirq.h>
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#include <asm/nmi.h>
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#include <asm/hw_irq.h>
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#include <asm/apic.h>
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#include <asm/hpet.h>
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#include <linux/kdebug.h>
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#include <asm/cpu.h>
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#include <asm/reboot.h>
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#include <asm/virtext.h>
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/* Alignment required for elf header segment */
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#define ELF_CORE_HEADER_ALIGN 4096
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/* This primarily represents number of split ranges due to exclusion */
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#define CRASH_MAX_RANGES 16
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struct crash_mem_range {
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u64 start, end;
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};
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struct crash_mem {
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unsigned int nr_ranges;
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struct crash_mem_range ranges[CRASH_MAX_RANGES];
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};
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/* Misc data about ram ranges needed to prepare elf headers */
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struct crash_elf_data {
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struct kimage *image;
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/*
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* Total number of ram ranges we have after various adjustments for
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* GART, crash reserved region etc.
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*/
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unsigned int max_nr_ranges;
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unsigned long gart_start, gart_end;
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/* Pointer to elf header */
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void *ehdr;
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/* Pointer to next phdr */
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void *bufp;
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struct crash_mem mem;
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};
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/* Used while preparing memory map entries for second kernel */
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struct crash_memmap_data {
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struct boot_params *params;
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/* Type of memory */
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unsigned int type;
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};
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int in_crash_kexec;
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/*
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* This is used to VMCLEAR all VMCSs loaded on the
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* processor. And when loading kvm_intel module, the
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* callback function pointer will be assigned.
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*
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* protected by rcu.
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*/
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crash_vmclear_fn __rcu *crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss = NULL;
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss);
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unsigned long crash_zero_bytes;
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static inline void cpu_crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss(void)
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{
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crash_vmclear_fn *do_vmclear_operation = NULL;
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rcu_read_lock();
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do_vmclear_operation = rcu_dereference(crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss);
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if (do_vmclear_operation)
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do_vmclear_operation();
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rcu_read_unlock();
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}
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#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && defined(CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC)
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static void kdump_nmi_callback(int cpu, struct pt_regs *regs)
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{
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#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
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struct pt_regs fixed_regs;
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if (!user_mode_vm(regs)) {
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crash_fixup_ss_esp(&fixed_regs, regs);
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regs = &fixed_regs;
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}
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#endif
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crash_save_cpu(regs, cpu);
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/*
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* VMCLEAR VMCSs loaded on all cpus if needed.
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*/
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cpu_crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss();
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/* Disable VMX or SVM if needed.
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*
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* We need to disable virtualization on all CPUs.
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* Having VMX or SVM enabled on any CPU may break rebooting
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* after the kdump kernel has finished its task.
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*/
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cpu_emergency_vmxoff();
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cpu_emergency_svm_disable();
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disable_local_APIC();
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}
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static void kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus(void)
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{
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in_crash_kexec = 1;
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nmi_shootdown_cpus(kdump_nmi_callback);
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disable_local_APIC();
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}
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#else
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static void kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus(void)
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{
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/* There are no cpus to shootdown */
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}
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#endif
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void native_machine_crash_shutdown(struct pt_regs *regs)
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{
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/* This function is only called after the system
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* has panicked or is otherwise in a critical state.
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* The minimum amount of code to allow a kexec'd kernel
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* to run successfully needs to happen here.
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*
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* In practice this means shooting down the other cpus in
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* an SMP system.
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*/
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/* The kernel is broken so disable interrupts */
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local_irq_disable();
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kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus();
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/*
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* VMCLEAR VMCSs loaded on this cpu if needed.
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*/
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cpu_crash_vmclear_loaded_vmcss();
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/* Booting kdump kernel with VMX or SVM enabled won't work,
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* because (among other limitations) we can't disable paging
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* with the virt flags.
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*/
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cpu_emergency_vmxoff();
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cpu_emergency_svm_disable();
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#ifdef CONFIG_X86_IO_APIC
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/* Prevent crash_kexec() from deadlocking on ioapic_lock. */
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ioapic_zap_locks();
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disable_IO_APIC();
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#endif
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lapic_shutdown();
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#ifdef CONFIG_HPET_TIMER
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hpet_disable();
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#endif
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crash_save_cpu(regs, safe_smp_processor_id());
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}
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#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE
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static int get_nr_ram_ranges_callback(unsigned long start_pfn,
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unsigned long nr_pfn, void *arg)
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{
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int *nr_ranges = arg;
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(*nr_ranges)++;
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return 0;
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}
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static int get_gart_ranges_callback(u64 start, u64 end, void *arg)
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{
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struct crash_elf_data *ced = arg;
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ced->gart_start = start;
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ced->gart_end = end;
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/* Not expecting more than 1 gart aperture */
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return 1;
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}
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/* Gather all the required information to prepare elf headers for ram regions */
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static void fill_up_crash_elf_data(struct crash_elf_data *ced,
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struct kimage *image)
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{
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unsigned int nr_ranges = 0;
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ced->image = image;
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walk_system_ram_range(0, -1, &nr_ranges,
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get_nr_ram_ranges_callback);
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ced->max_nr_ranges = nr_ranges;
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/*
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* We don't create ELF headers for GART aperture as an attempt
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* to dump this memory in second kernel leads to hang/crash.
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* If gart aperture is present, one needs to exclude that region
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* and that could lead to need of extra phdr.
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*/
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walk_iomem_res("GART", IORESOURCE_MEM, 0, -1,
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ced, get_gart_ranges_callback);
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/*
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* If we have gart region, excluding that could potentially split
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* a memory range, resulting in extra header. Account for that.
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*/
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if (ced->gart_end)
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ced->max_nr_ranges++;
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/* Exclusion of crash region could split memory ranges */
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ced->max_nr_ranges++;
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/* If crashk_low_res is not 0, another range split possible */
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if (crashk_low_res.end)
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ced->max_nr_ranges++;
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}
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static int exclude_mem_range(struct crash_mem *mem,
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unsigned long long mstart, unsigned long long mend)
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{
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int i, j;
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unsigned long long start, end;
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struct crash_mem_range temp_range = {0, 0};
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for (i = 0; i < mem->nr_ranges; i++) {
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start = mem->ranges[i].start;
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end = mem->ranges[i].end;
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if (mstart > end || mend < start)
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continue;
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/* Truncate any area outside of range */
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if (mstart < start)
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mstart = start;
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if (mend > end)
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mend = end;
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/* Found completely overlapping range */
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if (mstart == start && mend == end) {
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mem->ranges[i].start = 0;
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mem->ranges[i].end = 0;
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if (i < mem->nr_ranges - 1) {
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/* Shift rest of the ranges to left */
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for (j = i; j < mem->nr_ranges - 1; j++) {
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mem->ranges[j].start =
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mem->ranges[j+1].start;
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mem->ranges[j].end =
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mem->ranges[j+1].end;
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}
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}
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mem->nr_ranges--;
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return 0;
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}
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if (mstart > start && mend < end) {
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/* Split original range */
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mem->ranges[i].end = mstart - 1;
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temp_range.start = mend + 1;
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temp_range.end = end;
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} else if (mstart != start)
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mem->ranges[i].end = mstart - 1;
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else
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mem->ranges[i].start = mend + 1;
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break;
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}
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/* If a split happend, add the split to array */
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if (!temp_range.end)
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return 0;
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/* Split happened */
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if (i == CRASH_MAX_RANGES - 1) {
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pr_err("Too many crash ranges after split\n");
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return -ENOMEM;
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}
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/* Location where new range should go */
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j = i + 1;
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if (j < mem->nr_ranges) {
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/* Move over all ranges one slot towards the end */
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for (i = mem->nr_ranges - 1; i >= j; i--)
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mem->ranges[i + 1] = mem->ranges[i];
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}
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mem->ranges[j].start = temp_range.start;
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mem->ranges[j].end = temp_range.end;
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mem->nr_ranges++;
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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* Look for any unwanted ranges between mstart, mend and remove them. This
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* might lead to split and split ranges are put in ced->mem.ranges[] array
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*/
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static int elf_header_exclude_ranges(struct crash_elf_data *ced,
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unsigned long long mstart, unsigned long long mend)
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{
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struct crash_mem *cmem = &ced->mem;
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int ret = 0;
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memset(cmem->ranges, 0, sizeof(cmem->ranges));
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cmem->ranges[0].start = mstart;
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cmem->ranges[0].end = mend;
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cmem->nr_ranges = 1;
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/* Exclude crashkernel region */
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ret = exclude_mem_range(cmem, crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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if (crashk_low_res.end) {
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ret = exclude_mem_range(cmem, crashk_low_res.start, crashk_low_res.end);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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}
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/* Exclude GART region */
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if (ced->gart_end) {
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ret = exclude_mem_range(cmem, ced->gart_start, ced->gart_end);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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}
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return ret;
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}
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static int prepare_elf64_ram_headers_callback(u64 start, u64 end, void *arg)
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{
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struct crash_elf_data *ced = arg;
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Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr;
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Elf64_Phdr *phdr;
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unsigned long mstart, mend;
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struct kimage *image = ced->image;
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struct crash_mem *cmem;
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int ret, i;
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ehdr = ced->ehdr;
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/* Exclude unwanted mem ranges */
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ret = elf_header_exclude_ranges(ced, start, end);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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/* Go through all the ranges in ced->mem.ranges[] and prepare phdr */
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cmem = &ced->mem;
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for (i = 0; i < cmem->nr_ranges; i++) {
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mstart = cmem->ranges[i].start;
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mend = cmem->ranges[i].end;
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phdr = ced->bufp;
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ced->bufp += sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
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phdr->p_type = PT_LOAD;
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phdr->p_flags = PF_R|PF_W|PF_X;
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phdr->p_offset = mstart;
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/*
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* If a range matches backup region, adjust offset to backup
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* segment.
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*/
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if (mstart == image->arch.backup_src_start &&
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(mend - mstart + 1) == image->arch.backup_src_sz)
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phdr->p_offset = image->arch.backup_load_addr;
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phdr->p_paddr = mstart;
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phdr->p_vaddr = (unsigned long long) __va(mstart);
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phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = mend - mstart + 1;
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phdr->p_align = 0;
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ehdr->e_phnum++;
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pr_debug("Crash PT_LOAD elf header. phdr=%p vaddr=0x%llx, paddr=0x%llx, sz=0x%llx e_phnum=%d p_offset=0x%llx\n",
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phdr, phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_paddr, phdr->p_filesz,
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ehdr->e_phnum, phdr->p_offset);
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}
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return ret;
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}
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static int prepare_elf64_headers(struct crash_elf_data *ced,
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void **addr, unsigned long *sz)
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{
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Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr;
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Elf64_Phdr *phdr;
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unsigned long nr_cpus = num_possible_cpus(), nr_phdr, elf_sz;
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unsigned char *buf, *bufp;
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unsigned int cpu;
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unsigned long long notes_addr;
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int ret;
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/* extra phdr for vmcoreinfo elf note */
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nr_phdr = nr_cpus + 1;
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nr_phdr += ced->max_nr_ranges;
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/*
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* kexec-tools creates an extra PT_LOAD phdr for kernel text mapping
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* area on x86_64 (ffffffff80000000 - ffffffffa0000000).
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* I think this is required by tools like gdb. So same physical
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* memory will be mapped in two elf headers. One will contain kernel
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* text virtual addresses and other will have __va(physical) addresses.
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*/
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nr_phdr++;
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elf_sz = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr) + nr_phdr * sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
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elf_sz = ALIGN(elf_sz, ELF_CORE_HEADER_ALIGN);
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buf = vzalloc(elf_sz);
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if (!buf)
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return -ENOMEM;
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bufp = buf;
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ehdr = (Elf64_Ehdr *)bufp;
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bufp += sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr);
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memcpy(ehdr->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
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ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS64;
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ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELFDATA2LSB;
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ehdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
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ehdr->e_ident[EI_OSABI] = ELF_OSABI;
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memset(ehdr->e_ident + EI_PAD, 0, EI_NIDENT - EI_PAD);
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ehdr->e_type = ET_CORE;
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ehdr->e_machine = ELF_ARCH;
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ehdr->e_version = EV_CURRENT;
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ehdr->e_phoff = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr);
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ehdr->e_ehsize = sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr);
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ehdr->e_phentsize = sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
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/* Prepare one phdr of type PT_NOTE for each present cpu */
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for_each_present_cpu(cpu) {
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phdr = (Elf64_Phdr *)bufp;
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bufp += sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
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phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
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notes_addr = per_cpu_ptr_to_phys(per_cpu_ptr(crash_notes, cpu));
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phdr->p_offset = phdr->p_paddr = notes_addr;
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phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = sizeof(note_buf_t);
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(ehdr->e_phnum)++;
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}
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/* Prepare one PT_NOTE header for vmcoreinfo */
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phdr = (Elf64_Phdr *)bufp;
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bufp += sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
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phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
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phdr->p_offset = phdr->p_paddr = paddr_vmcoreinfo_note();
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phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = sizeof(vmcoreinfo_note);
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(ehdr->e_phnum)++;
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#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
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/* Prepare PT_LOAD type program header for kernel text region */
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phdr = (Elf64_Phdr *)bufp;
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bufp += sizeof(Elf64_Phdr);
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phdr->p_type = PT_LOAD;
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phdr->p_flags = PF_R|PF_W|PF_X;
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phdr->p_vaddr = (Elf64_Addr)_text;
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phdr->p_filesz = phdr->p_memsz = _end - _text;
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phdr->p_offset = phdr->p_paddr = __pa_symbol(_text);
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(ehdr->e_phnum)++;
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#endif
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/* Prepare PT_LOAD headers for system ram chunks. */
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ced->ehdr = ehdr;
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ced->bufp = bufp;
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ret = walk_system_ram_res(0, -1, ced,
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prepare_elf64_ram_headers_callback);
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if (ret < 0)
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return ret;
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*addr = buf;
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*sz = elf_sz;
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return 0;
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}
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/* Prepare elf headers. Return addr and size */
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static int prepare_elf_headers(struct kimage *image, void **addr,
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unsigned long *sz)
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{
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struct crash_elf_data *ced;
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int ret;
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ced = kzalloc(sizeof(*ced), GFP_KERNEL);
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if (!ced)
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return -ENOMEM;
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fill_up_crash_elf_data(ced, image);
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/* By default prepare 64bit headers */
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ret = prepare_elf64_headers(ced, addr, sz);
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kfree(ced);
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return ret;
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}
|
|
|
|
static int add_e820_entry(struct boot_params *params, struct e820entry *entry)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
|
|
|
|
nr_e820_entries = params->e820_entries;
|
|
if (nr_e820_entries >= E820MAX)
|
|
return 1;
|
|
|
|
memcpy(¶ms->e820_map[nr_e820_entries], entry,
|
|
sizeof(struct e820entry));
|
|
params->e820_entries++;
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int memmap_entry_callback(u64 start, u64 end, void *arg)
|
|
{
|
|
struct crash_memmap_data *cmd = arg;
|
|
struct boot_params *params = cmd->params;
|
|
struct e820entry ei;
|
|
|
|
ei.addr = start;
|
|
ei.size = end - start + 1;
|
|
ei.type = cmd->type;
|
|
add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int memmap_exclude_ranges(struct kimage *image, struct crash_mem *cmem,
|
|
unsigned long long mstart,
|
|
unsigned long long mend)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned long start, end;
|
|
int ret = 0;
|
|
|
|
cmem->ranges[0].start = mstart;
|
|
cmem->ranges[0].end = mend;
|
|
cmem->nr_ranges = 1;
|
|
|
|
/* Exclude Backup region */
|
|
start = image->arch.backup_load_addr;
|
|
end = start + image->arch.backup_src_sz - 1;
|
|
ret = exclude_mem_range(cmem, start, end);
|
|
if (ret)
|
|
return ret;
|
|
|
|
/* Exclude elf header region */
|
|
start = image->arch.elf_load_addr;
|
|
end = start + image->arch.elf_headers_sz - 1;
|
|
return exclude_mem_range(cmem, start, end);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Prepare memory map for crash dump kernel */
|
|
int crash_setup_memmap_entries(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params)
|
|
{
|
|
int i, ret = 0;
|
|
unsigned long flags;
|
|
struct e820entry ei;
|
|
struct crash_memmap_data cmd;
|
|
struct crash_mem *cmem;
|
|
|
|
cmem = vzalloc(sizeof(struct crash_mem));
|
|
if (!cmem)
|
|
return -ENOMEM;
|
|
|
|
memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(struct crash_memmap_data));
|
|
cmd.params = params;
|
|
|
|
/* Add first 640K segment */
|
|
ei.addr = image->arch.backup_src_start;
|
|
ei.size = image->arch.backup_src_sz;
|
|
ei.type = E820_RAM;
|
|
add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
|
|
|
|
/* Add ACPI tables */
|
|
cmd.type = E820_ACPI;
|
|
flags = IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
|
|
walk_iomem_res("ACPI Tables", flags, 0, -1, &cmd,
|
|
memmap_entry_callback);
|
|
|
|
/* Add ACPI Non-volatile Storage */
|
|
cmd.type = E820_NVS;
|
|
walk_iomem_res("ACPI Non-volatile Storage", flags, 0, -1, &cmd,
|
|
memmap_entry_callback);
|
|
|
|
/* Add crashk_low_res region */
|
|
if (crashk_low_res.end) {
|
|
ei.addr = crashk_low_res.start;
|
|
ei.size = crashk_low_res.end - crashk_low_res.start + 1;
|
|
ei.type = E820_RAM;
|
|
add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Exclude some ranges from crashk_res and add rest to memmap */
|
|
ret = memmap_exclude_ranges(image, cmem, crashk_res.start,
|
|
crashk_res.end);
|
|
if (ret)
|
|
goto out;
|
|
|
|
for (i = 0; i < cmem->nr_ranges; i++) {
|
|
ei.size = cmem->ranges[i].end - cmem->ranges[i].start + 1;
|
|
|
|
/* If entry is less than a page, skip it */
|
|
if (ei.size < PAGE_SIZE)
|
|
continue;
|
|
ei.addr = cmem->ranges[i].start;
|
|
ei.type = E820_RAM;
|
|
add_e820_entry(params, &ei);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
out:
|
|
vfree(cmem);
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int determine_backup_region(u64 start, u64 end, void *arg)
|
|
{
|
|
struct kimage *image = arg;
|
|
|
|
image->arch.backup_src_start = start;
|
|
image->arch.backup_src_sz = end - start + 1;
|
|
|
|
/* Expecting only one range for backup region */
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int crash_load_segments(struct kimage *image)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned long src_start, src_sz, elf_sz;
|
|
void *elf_addr;
|
|
int ret;
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Determine and load a segment for backup area. First 640K RAM
|
|
* region is backup source
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
ret = walk_system_ram_res(KEXEC_BACKUP_SRC_START, KEXEC_BACKUP_SRC_END,
|
|
image, determine_backup_region);
|
|
|
|
/* Zero or postive return values are ok */
|
|
if (ret < 0)
|
|
return ret;
|
|
|
|
src_start = image->arch.backup_src_start;
|
|
src_sz = image->arch.backup_src_sz;
|
|
|
|
/* Add backup segment. */
|
|
if (src_sz) {
|
|
/*
|
|
* Ideally there is no source for backup segment. This is
|
|
* copied in purgatory after crash. Just add a zero filled
|
|
* segment for now to make sure checksum logic works fine.
|
|
*/
|
|
ret = kexec_add_buffer(image, (char *)&crash_zero_bytes,
|
|
sizeof(crash_zero_bytes), src_sz,
|
|
PAGE_SIZE, 0, -1, 0,
|
|
&image->arch.backup_load_addr);
|
|
if (ret)
|
|
return ret;
|
|
pr_debug("Loaded backup region at 0x%lx backup_start=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
|
|
image->arch.backup_load_addr, src_start, src_sz);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Prepare elf headers and add a segment */
|
|
ret = prepare_elf_headers(image, &elf_addr, &elf_sz);
|
|
if (ret)
|
|
return ret;
|
|
|
|
image->arch.elf_headers = elf_addr;
|
|
image->arch.elf_headers_sz = elf_sz;
|
|
|
|
ret = kexec_add_buffer(image, (char *)elf_addr, elf_sz, elf_sz,
|
|
ELF_CORE_HEADER_ALIGN, 0, -1, 0,
|
|
&image->arch.elf_load_addr);
|
|
if (ret) {
|
|
vfree((void *)image->arch.elf_headers);
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
pr_debug("Loaded ELF headers at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
|
|
image->arch.elf_load_addr, elf_sz, elf_sz);
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
#endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */
|